​Dementia research is advancing rapidly around the world, showing no signs of deceleration. Since Dr. Alois Alzheimer first recognized unusual memory loss and disorientation in patients in the early 1900s, more than 17 treatments for dementia have been approved. These include medications such as Donepezil (Aricept), Rivastigmine (Exelon), Galantamine (Razadyne), Memantine (Namenda), Aducanumab (Aduhelm), and Lecanemab (Leqembi). Beyond pharmacological options, there are non-drug therapies like cognitive stimulation therapy (CST), reminiscence therapy, and various behavioral therapies. Supportive therapies include occupational therapy, speech therapy, and physical therapy, can play a vital role in your care plan or medical plan. Additionally, lifestyle and environmental changes can significantly improve the quality of life for those living with Dementia.

The initial group of medications, Donepezil (Aricept), Rivastigmine (Exelon), and Galantamine (Razadyne) are classified as cholinesterase inhibitors. These drugs function by increasing levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter crucial for memory and learning. In contrast, Memantine (Namenda) regulates glutamate, another neurotransmitter involved in memory and learning processes. The newer treatments, Aducanumab (Aduhelm) and Lecanemab (Leqembi) focus on the underlying causes of Dementia by targeting amyloid-beta and tau proteins, which are linked to the neurodegeneration seen in Alzheimer's disease.

Supportive therapies, such as occupational, speech therapy, and physical therapy can significantly aid individuals in their daily lives by fostering greater independence and adaptation to their surroundings. Maintaining physical fitness, mobility, and enhancing communication and swallowing skills are essential for overall well-being in the face of these diagnoses. Furthermore, promoting a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and mental engagement can further bolster brain health. Environmental adjustments like utilizing whiteboards, eliminating hazards, improving safety, and improving navigation can help minimize confusion and agitation.

Ongoing research and clinical trials are continuously exploring new drugs, therapies, and interventions aimed at alleviating Dementia symptoms. Personalized treatment strategies are being developed based on individual biomarker profiles. Caregiver support is also accessible for those in need, with Medicare making it affordable and private pay rates starting as low as $25 per hour. Caregiving agencies often provide invaluable assistance to families, ensuring that loved ones do not feel isolated or anxious during challenging times or episodes of forgetfulness.